Obesity is a multifactorial, long-term disorder, which has become a global epidemic with a significant social and psychological impact and increased mortality. Adipose tissue, the excess of which defines obesity, is an important endocrine and immune organ, which produces metabolically active substances, often referred to as “adipocytokines”. In humans, adipose tissue can be divided into two main subtypes, namely the brown adipose tissue that is involved in thermogenesis and the white adipose tissue which is responsible for energy storage and the secretion of several adipokines and inflammatory cytokines. Adiponectin, leptin and resistin are the most frequently studied adipokines that influences insulin sensitivity, immune response and play an important role in the development of metabolic disorders.