PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS IN THE PREVENTION AND RECOVERY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Abstract:
The initial aim and the most important step in the rehabilitation of patients with
coronary heart disease is the return to work. Although there are many patients physically
recovered after myocardial infarction, they are not reinserted from the socioeconomic point of
view, the psychosocial factors being mostly responsible. A comprehensive approach is needed
given the somatic, psychological and social size of the health of the individual, family and society.
There is evidence in the sense that major cardiovascular complications occur mainly in the
population with psychosocial increased risk and the complication in turn will have psychological
and social consequences leading to different psychological levels of dezadaptation, as well as to
social dependence, affecting the quality of life. Given these things, it is necessary to disclose this
evidence starting with the psychosocial risk issues in primary, secondary prevention and
cardiovascular recovery. First of all, the social risk is highlighted. The main social risks are
represented by the social support with its types and subtypes. Other elements playing a crucial part
in the evolution of the cardiovascular diseases are the low socioeconomic status, the occupational
status, marital stress, care stress. Another aspect is the individual psychological risk. The
psychological individual emotional risk factors are the affective disturbances, such as depression,
anxiety, hostility. The identification and the management of the psychosocial risk become
imperative for the success or failure of the psychological rehabilitation, psychological
rehabilitation level including personal variations. It cannot be overlooked the role of the
psychologist in the integration of rehabilitation methods, psycho-diagnosis and psychotherapy
playing a special part.
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